The former capital of Sri Lanka, Kandy is both a sacred and historic city situated in the heart of the country. Its charm and authenticity earned it UNESCO World Heritage status in 1988. With its many temples, mountains, and gardens, this city stands as an exceptional destination not to be missed during a trip to Sri Lanka.

History

Kandy, also known as Mahanuwara or Nuwara by locals, is a city nestled within a steep mountain valley at an altitude of around 500 metres. It was once the capital of the Kandyan kingdom and the seat of power of Sri Lanka's last king.

According to legend, Kandy was founded in 1541 by the ruler of the kingdom of Gampola. Its location was carefully chosen so that invaders, particularly the Portuguese, could not reach it. When the Portuguese eventually settled on the lowlands, Kandy became the nation's capital in 1590, replacing Kotte. After regaining independence in 1948, Kotte once again became the country's administrative capital, yet Kandy remains the historical and cultural heart of Sri Lanka.

Kandy Today

Located at the very heart of Sri Lanka, Kandy ranks among the country's most sacred cities. Despite urbanization and relentless traffic, the city has preserved its historic charm with its lake, street performances, vibrant markets, and temples steeped in history.

Surrounded by the Knuckles mountain range, Kandy offers respite from the tropical heat of the country's beaches.

Kandy is an essential stop on Sri Lanka itineraries—nearly every route includes a visit here. Travellers come to relax and stroll around the artificial lake before discovering the celebrated Temple of the Tooth, a major pilgrimage site in Buddhism. The Temple of the Tooth, or Dâlada Maligawa, owes its fame to a sacred relic—a tooth of Buddha—housed within its walls. Following several attacks, the temple has been fully restored.

For nature enthusiasts, the expansive Peradeniya Botanical Gardens are an absolute must-visit. Built in 1812 on approximately 60 hectares of land, this remarkable destination houses an impressive orchid collection. You'll also find an extensive variety of spices, palms, and medicinal plants. A wonderfully refreshing experience—perfect for escaping the bustle of the city centre.

As a spiritual hub, Kandy hosts one of the country's finest yoga centres. Here you can enjoy yoga sessions, meditation, and wellness therapies guided by Buddhist monks.

Climate & Geography

Kandy is situated in central Sri Lanka, built on a plateau surrounded by mountains cloaked in tropical forest and tea plantations. At the city's heart lies Kandy Lake, an artificial lake created in 1807 by King Sri Vikrama Rajasinha of Sri Lanka.

The best time to visit is between January and March. During this period, rainfall is minimal and temperatures are pleasantly moderate, averaging around 24°C.

To reach Kandy, you can travel by bus, train, or hire a car with driver.

Train travel is often the preferred choice for visitors—not only is it affordable, but the railway route from Ella or Colombo ranks among the world's most scenic. It winds through breathtaking landscapes shaped by lush tropical forests and verdant tea plantations.